How To Start A Stihl Saw Safely: Step-by-Step

How To Start A Stihl Saw
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How To Start A Stihl Saw Safely: Step-by-Step

Can you start a Stihl saw with the choke on? Yes, you can start a Stihl saw with the choke on, but it’s a specific step in the starting procedure and should only be done momentarily to help the engine prime. Leaving the choke on for too long can flood the engine, making it difficult or impossible to start. Knowing how to properly fire up a Stihl chainsaw ensures safe operation and prolongs the life of your equipment. This guide will walk you through the essential steps to safely start your Stihl saw, from pre-start checks to getting the engine running smoothly.

Essential Pre-Start Checks for Your Stihl Saw

Before you even think about pulling the starter cord, a few crucial checks will prevent problems and ensure your safety. These checks are vital for any Stihl chainsaw starting sequence.

Fuel and Oil Levels

Fuel: Ensure your Stihl saw has the correct fuel mixture. Stihl 2-stroke engines require a specific mix of gasoline and 2-stroke oil. Always use fresh gasoline and a high-quality Stihl 2-stroke oil. Refer to your Stihl chainsaw manual for the exact fuel-to-oil ratio. An incorrect ratio can damage the engine.
Bar Oil: The bar and chain lubrication system needs to be topped up with bar oil. This oil is crucial for reducing friction and heat between the chain and the guide bar, preventing premature wear. Check the oil reservoir and fill it if necessary.

Chain and Bar Condition

Chain Tension: A loose chain can fly off the bar, causing serious injury. A chain that is too tight can strain the engine and bar. Check the chain tension according to your Stihl chainsaw manual. There should be a slight sag, but the chain should not be able to be pulled completely around the bar by hand.
Chain Sharpness: A dull chain makes the saw work harder, increases the risk of kickback, and is generally less efficient. While not strictly a starting check, a sharp chain makes starting easier and safer.
Bar Nuts: Ensure the guide bar nuts are tightened securely. Loose nuts can lead to the chain coming off.

General Inspection

Air Filter: A dirty air filter restricts airflow, making the saw run poorly and can make starting difficult. Check and clean the air filter if it appears dirty.
Spark Arrestor Screen: Ensure the spark arrestor screen in the muffler is clean and free of carbon buildup. A clogged screen can affect performance and increase the risk of fires.
General Cleanliness: Remove any debris, sawdust, or clippings from the saw. This improves cooling and prevents debris from entering the engine.

The Stihl Chainsaw Starting Procedure: A Step-by-Step Guide

Now that your saw is prepped, let’s get to the exciting part: starting it! This procedure is designed for most modern Stihl chainsaws. Always consult your specific Stihl chainsaw manual for any variations.

Step 1: Preparing the Saw for Starting

Find a Safe Location: Choose a flat, stable surface away from flammable materials, people, and animals. Ensure you have a clear area around you.
Engage the Chain Brake: This is a critical safety step. Ensure the chain brake is engaged by pushing the handle forward towards the bar. This prevents the chain from spinning unexpectedly when the engine starts.
Place the Saw on the Ground: Position the saw firmly on the ground. It’s best to have the rear handle and engine body resting on the ground.

Step 2: Setting the Choke and Ignition

This step varies slightly depending on whether your Stihl saw has an adjustable choke or an automatic decompression valve.

For Saws with a Manual Choke (Most Common):
1. Move the Choke Lever to the “Cold Start” Position: This is usually indicated by a symbol or the word “COLD.” This fully closes the choke, enriching the fuel-air mixture for easier starting of a cold engine.
2. Engage the Primer Bulb (If Equipped): On many Stihl chainsaws, you’ll find a small, clear rubber bulb. Press this bulb several times (typically 3-5) until you see fuel circulate within it. This primes the carburetor with fuel. This is a key step for a cold start Stihl chainsaw.
3. Set the Throttle Trigger Lockout: Ensure the throttle trigger lockout is in the appropriate position. Some saws have a semi-choke setting that you can activate by partially depressing the throttle trigger. This is often a good intermediate step after initial attempts with the full choke.
For Saws with an Automatic Decompression Valve (Common on larger models):
1. Move the Choke Lever to the “Start” Position: This usually engages the partially open choke.
2. Primer Bulb: If your saw has a primer bulb, press it several times until fuel is visible.
3. Decompression Valve: If your saw has a decompression valve (a small button on the engine housing), press it in. This temporarily opens a valve, reducing compression and making it easier to pull the starter cord. You’ll feel a slight “pop” when it’s engaged.

Step 3: Pulling the Starter Cord

This is where the magic happens!

Grip the Starter Handle: Firmly grasp the starter cord handle with your dominant hand.
Pull with a Steady Motion: Pull the cord smoothly and with a firm, consistent motion. Don’t yank it violently, as this can strain the cord and starter mechanism. Pull until you feel resistance, then give it a good tug.
Listen for the “Pop”: For saws with a manual choke, you’re listening for the engine to “fire” or “pop” – a brief ignition of fuel. This indicates it’s ready for the next step.

Step 4: Transitioning from Cold Start to Running

This step is crucial for preventing engine flooding.

If the Engine Fires (and has a Manual Choke):
1. Immediately Move the Choke to the “Run” or “Half-Choke” Position: As soon as you hear the engine “pop” (it won’t actually run yet), immediately move the choke lever back to the “run” or “half-choke” position. This opens the choke, allowing less fuel and more air, which is needed for the engine to continue running. If you don’t have a distinct half-choke, move it to the “run” position.
2. Pull the Starter Cord Again: Give the starter cord another firm pull. The engine should now start and run.
3. Disengage the Choke Completely: Once the engine is running, and as it warms up, ensure the choke is fully disengaged (in the “run” position).
If the Engine Does Not Fire After a Few Pulls (Manual Choke):
1. Ensure Choke is Still Set: Double-check that the choke is still in the “cold start” position.
2. Pull Again: Try pulling the cord a few more times.
3. Check Primer Bulb: If you’re still having trouble, try pressing the primer bulb a couple more times.
4. If it Pops but Won’t Run: If you hear a pop but it doesn’t catch, move the choke to the “run” position and try pulling again.
For Saws with an Automatic Decompression Valve:
1. Pull the Starter Cord Several Times: After setting the choke and pressing the primer bulb (if equipped), pull the starter cord several times with the decompression valve engaged.
2. Release the Decompression Valve: After a few pulls, release the decompression valve (let it pop back out).
3. Pull the Starter Cord Again: The engine should now start and run.
4. Disengage Choke: Ensure the choke is in the “run” position.

Step 5: Running and Warm-up

Let the Engine Idle: Once the Stihl chainsaw is running, allow it to idle for a short period to warm up.
Test Throttle Response: Gently squeeze the throttle trigger to ensure the engine revs smoothly and returns to idle.
Disengage Chain Brake: Once the engine is running steadily and you are ready to use the saw, disengage the chain brake by pushing the handle back towards the front handle. Be prepared for the chain to start moving.

Common Stihl Chainsaw Starting Issues and Troubleshooting

Even with the best intentions, sometimes a Stihl saw won’t start. Here’s a look at some common problems and how to address them. This is where your Stihl chainsaw manual can be invaluable.

Engine Won’t Fire At All

No Fuel: Check fuel level and ensure you’re using the correct mixture.
Choke Setting: Is the choke in the correct “cold start” position? Is the primer bulb working?
Spark Plug: Is the spark plug fouled or damaged? Check its condition, gap, and ensure it’s properly connected. A faulty spark plug will prevent ignition.
Ignition Switch: Ensure the ignition switch is in the “on” or “run” position.
Blocked Fuel Filter: A clogged fuel filter can prevent fuel from reaching the carburetor.
Ignition Coil Issue: Less common, but a faulty ignition coil can prevent spark.

Engine Fires but Won’t Run or Dies Immediately

Choke Left On: If the choke is left on the “cold start” position after the engine fires, it can flood the engine. You may need to wait for it to dry out or try starting with the choke in the “run” position.
Incorrect Fuel Mixture: Too much oil in the fuel can cause poor running and starting.
Dirty Air Filter: Restricts airflow.
Carburetor Issues: The carburetor might need adjustment or cleaning if it’s not delivering the correct fuel-air mixture.
Primer Bulb Not Working: If the primer bulb isn’t drawing fuel, the carburetor won’t be primed.

Starter Cord is Difficult to Pull

Hydrolock: This can happen if the spark plug is wet with fuel. Remove the spark plug, turn the saw over (spark plug facing down), and pull the starter cord a few times to expel excess fuel. Then, clean and reinstall the spark plug and try again.
Compression Issues: A problem with the piston rings or cylinder could cause low compression, though this is less common on newer saws.
Starter Mechanism: The recoil starter mechanism itself might be faulty.

Table: Common Stihl Saw Starting Problems and Solutions

Problem	Possible Cause	Solution
Engine won’t fire	No fuel, incorrect fuel, choke off, no spark	Check fuel, use correct mix, ensure choke is on, check spark plug, check ignition switch.
Engine fires but dies immediately	Choke left on, too much fuel, not enough air	Move choke to run/half, wait for it to dry, check air filter, ensure correct fuel mixture.
Starter cord is hard to pull	Hydrolock, mechanical issue	Remove spark plug, drain fuel, clean/dry plug, reassemble and try again.
Saw runs poorly, lacks power, or stalls at idle	Dirty air filter, carb issue, fuel mixture issue	Clean air filter, check fuel mixture, consult Stihl chainsaw manual for carb adjustment, or seek service.

Advanced Stihl Chainsaw Operation and Maintenance Tips

Proper Stihl chainsaw operation extends beyond just starting. Regular maintenance is key to ensuring your saw starts easily every time and performs reliably.

Fuel Mixture and Storage

Fuel Quality: Always use high-octane unleaded gasoline (90+ octane recommended) and a quality 2-stroke oil specifically designed for air-cooled engines, such as Stihl’s own HP Ultra 2-stroke engine oil.
Mixing: Mix fuel and oil precisely according to the ratio specified in your Stihl chainsaw manual. Over-oiling can lead to carbon buildup and poor performance, while under-oiling causes engine damage.
Fresh Fuel: Use fuel within 30 days of mixing. Stale fuel can gum up the carburetor and fuel system.
Storage: If storing the saw for more than 30 days, it’s best to drain the fuel tank and run the engine dry to prevent fuel system issues. Alternatively, use a fuel stabilizer.

Spark Plug Maintenance

Regular Checks: Inspect the spark plug at regular intervals, as recommended in your Stihl chainsaw manual.
Cleaning and Gap Adjustment: Clean any carbon buildup from the electrode. Check the gap with a feeler gauge and adjust if necessary. The correct gap is usually found in your manual.
Replacement: Spark plugs are wear items and should be replaced periodically. A new spark plug can significantly improve starting and running.

Air Filter Maintenance

Cleaning Schedule: Clean the air filter frequently, especially in dusty conditions.
Cleaning Method: Gently tap out loose debris. For heavily soiled filters, you can wash them in warm, soapy water, rinse thoroughly, and allow them to air dry completely before reinstalling. Never use compressed air to blow out a filter, as this can damage it.
Replacement: Replace the air filter if it is damaged or can no longer be cleaned effectively.

Muffler and Spark Arrestor

Spark Arrestor Screen: Regularly remove and clean the spark arrestor screen. This prevents potential fire hazards and ensures proper exhaust flow.
Muffler Inspection: Check the muffler for any damage or excessive carbon buildup.

Carburetor Adjustments and Primer Bulb Stihl Saw

Primer Bulb: If the primer bulb feels stiff, cracked, or is not drawing fuel, it may need replacement.
Choke Adjustment Stihl Chainsaw: Modern Stihl chainsaws often have automatic choke systems that adjust based on engine temperature. However, older models or some specific designs might have manual choke adjustment. If you suspect a carburetor issue or if the choke isn’t functioning correctly, consult your Stihl chainsaw manual. Carburetor adjustments are typically best left to experienced users or service professionals.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about Starting a Stihl Saw

Here are some common questions people have about starting their Stihl chainsaws.

Q1: How many times should I press the primer bulb on my Stihl saw?
A1: Typically, you should press the primer bulb 3 to 5 times, or until you see fuel visibly circulating in the bulb. Over-priming can flood the engine.

Q2: What is the difference between the “cold start” and “run” positions on a Stihl chainsaw choke?
A2: The “cold start” position (often marked with a symbol or “COLD”) enriches the fuel-air mixture by closing the choke plate. This makes it easier to start a cold engine. The “run” position (or “half-choke”) opens the choke plate, allowing for normal operation of a warmed-up engine.

Q3: My new Stihl saw ignition won’t engage. What could be wrong?
A3: For a new Stihl saw ignition issue, first, ensure the safety lockout is disengaged and the ignition switch is in the “on” position. If you still have problems, it could be a faulty switch or an issue with the wiring. Contact your dealer for assistance, as new equipment should be in perfect working order.

Q4: Can I start my Stihl chainsaw without the chain brake engaged?
A4: It is highly unsafe to start a Stihl chainsaw without the chain brake engaged. Always ensure the chain brake is engaged before attempting to start the saw to prevent the chain from spinning unexpectedly and causing injury.

Q5: What should I do if my Stihl saw starts but then immediately dies?
A5: This often indicates the engine is receiving too much fuel or not enough air. Ensure you have moved the choke from the “cold start” position to the “run” or “half-choke” position after the initial firing. Also, check that the air filter is clean.

Q6: How often should I check the spark plug on my Stihl saw?
A6: It’s a good practice to inspect the spark plug at least once a season or every 25-50 hours of use, as specified in your Stihl chainsaw manual.

Q7: Is it normal for my Stihl chainsaw to sputter a bit when starting?
A7: A slight sputter or “pop” is normal when starting a cold engine with the choke engaged. This indicates the ignition is working. However, excessive sputtering or a rough idle after it’s running might indicate a tuning issue.

By following these steps and adhering to safety precautions, you can confidently start your Stihl saw and tackle your tasks efficiently and safely. Remember, your Stihl chainsaw manual is your best friend for specific details related to your model. Regular maintenance is key to reliable starting and long-term performance.