What is the best way to choose a chainsaw? Choosing the right chainsaw involves considering its type, power source, bar length, weight, safety features, and how you plan to use it. This comprehensive chainsaw buying guide will help you make an informed decision.
Image Source: canberradiamondblade.com.au
Deciphering Chainsaw Types
Chainsaws are specialized tools, and not all are created equal. The chainsaw types available cater to different tasks and user needs. Knowing these categories is your first step in finding the perfect saw.
Top-Handle Chainsaws
These are compact and lightweight saws, designed for arborists and tree surgeons who work high up in trees. Their smaller size and single-handed grip allow for maneuverability in tight spaces.
- Pros: Excellent for aerial work, precise cuts, lightweight.
- Cons: Not suitable for ground-based tasks, requires specialized training.
Rear-Handle Chainsaws
This is the most common type of chainsaw and what most people picture when they think of a chainsaw. They have a handle at the back and a trigger, with a large front handle for support.
- Pros: Versatile, suitable for a wide range of tasks from pruning to felling larger trees, balanced for stability.
- Cons: Can be heavier than top-handle models.
Pole Saws
While technically a type of chainsaw, pole saws are designed for trimming branches that are out of reach from the ground. They feature a saw unit attached to an extendable pole.
- Pros: Great for reaching high branches, reduces the need for ladders.
- Cons: Limited cutting capacity, can be unwieldy if not balanced well.
Fathoming Chainsaw Power Sources
The heart of any chainsaw is its power source. This dictates its performance, portability, and the type of chainsaw fuel types you’ll need to consider.
Gas-Powered Chainsaws
Gas chainsaws are the workhorses of the chainsaw world. They offer superior power and run time, making them ideal for demanding jobs like felling large trees or clearing significant amounts of wood.
- Chainsaw Fuel Types: These typically run on a mixture of gasoline and two-stroke oil. The ratio is crucial for proper engine lubrication and performance. Always check the manufacturer’s recommended mix.
- Gasoline: Use fresh, unleaded gasoline with a high octane rating.
- Two-Stroke Oil: Use a high-quality, air-cooled engine two-stroke oil specifically designed for chainsaws. Never use outboard motor oil or four-stroke oil.
- Pros: Most powerful, unlimited run time (as long as you have fuel), excellent for heavy-duty tasks.
- Cons: Noisy, produce exhaust fumes, require fuel mixing, heavier, more maintenance.
Corded Electric Chainsaws
These saws are powered by plugging into a standard electrical outlet. They are lightweight, quiet, and require minimal maintenance.
- Pros: Lightweight, quiet, no emissions, no fuel mixing, easy to start.
- Cons: Limited by cord length, less powerful than gas models, not suitable for wet conditions.
Battery-Powered (Cordless) Chainsaws
Battery-powered chainsaws have advanced significantly and are becoming a popular choice for homeowners and light professional use. They offer portability without the hassle of cords or the emissions of gas.
- Chainsaw Fuel Types: They run on rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The voltage and amp-hour (Ah) rating of the battery determine the power and run time.
- Pros: Portable, quiet, low emissions, easy to start, less vibration, low maintenance.
- Cons: Limited run time per charge, power can be less than gas models, battery life and replacement cost.
Comprehending Chainsaw Bar Length
The chainsaw bar length is a critical component that directly impacts the saw’s cutting capacity and how it handles different tasks. The bar is the metal guide that the chain rides on.
-
Determining the Right Length:
- Light-duty tasks (pruning, limbing small branches): 10-14 inches. These are lighter and easier to handle.
- Medium-duty tasks (cutting firewood, felling small to medium trees): 16-18 inches. This is a popular all-around size.
- Heavy-duty tasks (felling large trees, bucking large logs): 20 inches and above. Longer bars require more powerful engines and are heavier.
-
Important Considerations:
- Engine Power: A longer bar requires a more powerful engine to drive the chain effectively. Attempting to use a long bar on an underpowered saw will strain the engine and lead to poor performance.
- Cutting Capacity: The effective cutting length of the bar is slightly less than its stated length.
- Maneuverability: Longer bars can be more difficult to control, especially for beginners.
- Kickback: Longer bars generally have a higher risk of kickback if not used properly.
Evaluating Chainsaw Weight
Chainsaw weight is a significant factor in user comfort, fatigue, and maneuverability. A heavier saw can be more tiring to operate, especially during extended use.
-
Factors Influencing Weight:
- Power Source: Gas chainsaws are typically the heaviest due to the engine and fuel tank. Battery-powered saws are often lighter than gas but can be heavier than corded electric due to the battery.
- Bar Length: Longer bars add weight.
- Engine Size/Battery Voltage: More powerful engines or higher voltage batteries generally mean a heavier saw.
- Construction Materials: Higher-end saws might use lighter, more durable materials.
-
Matching Weight to Your Needs:
- Occasional Use / Light Tasks: Consider a saw under 10 lbs (without bar and chain).
- Regular Homeowner Use / Medium Tasks: Saws in the 10-15 lbs range are usually a good balance.
- Professional Use / Heavy Tasks: Saws can range from 15 lbs to over 25 lbs, with professional users accustomed to the weight and often prioritizing power and durability.
Prioritizing Chainsaw Safety Features
Safety is paramount when operating a chainsaw. Modern chainsaws come equipped with several chainsaw safety features designed to protect the user.
Chain Brake
This is the most critical safety feature. It’s a lever located above the front handle. In the event of kickback (when the tip of the guide bar hits an object), inertia engages the brake, instantly stopping the chain. Most chain brakes are also manually operable.
Chain Catcher
A small metal or plastic projection located on the chainsaw body near the base of the guide bar. Its purpose is to catch the drive chain if it breaks or derails, preventing it from flying back towards the operator.
Anti-Vibration System
Chainsaws vibrate significantly during operation, which can lead to fatigue and long-term health issues like Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS). Anti-vibration systems use springs or rubber dampeners to isolate the handles from the engine and chain, reducing the vibration transmitted to the user.
Throttle Lockout (Throttle Safety)
A mechanism that prevents the throttle from being engaged accidentally. You typically need to depress a trigger with your finger while also engaging the throttle trigger.
Inertia Chain Brake
This is an advanced type of chain brake that engages automatically based on the saw’s movement, not just manual activation or inertia from kickback.
Exploring Chainsaw Use Cases
The intended chainsaw use cases will strongly influence the type and size of chainsaw you should select.
Pruning and Trimming
For light pruning of bushes, small trees, and removing dead branches, a smaller, lighter saw is ideal. Top-handle saws are excellent for arborists working in trees, while smaller rear-handle saws with bars around 10-14 inches are good for ground-level work. Battery-powered saws are also a great option here due to their ease of use and low noise.
Cutting Firewood
This is a common homeowner task. For occasional use and smaller logs, a gas or powerful battery saw with a 16-18 inch bar is suitable. If you process a lot of wood, a more powerful gas-powered saw will be more efficient.
Felling Small to Medium Trees
For trees up to about 12-18 inches in diameter, a gas-powered saw with a 16-20 inch bar is generally recommended. Ensure the saw has sufficient power to handle the load.
Felling Large Trees and Heavy Bucking
This is a professional or very experienced user task. It requires powerful gas-powered chainsaws, often with bars of 20 inches or more, and a deep understanding of chainsaw operation and safety.
Land Clearing
For clearing brush and small trees over a larger area, a powerful gas-powered saw with a good power-to-weight ratio and a versatile bar length (18-20 inches) is advisable.
Chainsaw Maintenance: Keeping Your Saw Running
Proper chainsaw maintenance is crucial for its longevity, performance, and safety. Neglecting maintenance can lead to poor cutting, premature wear, and dangerous malfunctions.
Chain Sharpening
A sharp chain cuts efficiently and safely. A dull chain requires more force, heats up, and increases the risk of kickback.
- Tools: Round file, file guide, flat file, bar groove cleaner, depth gauge tool.
- Frequency: Sharpen the chain whenever you notice a loss in cutting performance, or roughly every 5-10 uses, depending on the wood and how much dirt or grit it encounters.
Bar Maintenance
The guide bar needs to be cleaned and lubricated.
- Cleaning: Use a bar groove cleaner to remove sawdust and debris from the bar groove.
- Lubrication: Ensure the automatic oiler is working correctly. Check the oil reservoir and fill it with bar and chain oil.
- Flipping: Periodically flip the guide bar to ensure even wear on both sides.
Air Filter Cleaning
A clogged air filter restricts airflow, reducing engine power and increasing fuel consumption.
- Frequency: Check and clean the air filter regularly, especially in dusty conditions.
- Cleaning: Wash with warm, soapy water or compressed air, depending on the filter type. Ensure it’s completely dry before reinstallation.
Spark Plug Inspection
The spark plug ignites the fuel-air mixture. It should be checked for wear and proper gap.
- Frequency: Inspect the spark plug at least once a season or every 50 operating hours.
- Replacement: Replace if it shows signs of heavy wear, fouling, or damage.
General Cleaning and Tightening
- Keep the saw clean of sawdust and debris.
- Regularly check that all screws and nuts are tight, especially those holding the bar and chain.
Top Chainsaw Brands to Consider
Several reputable chainsaw brands have established themselves by offering reliable, durable, and high-performing chainsaws.
Husqvarna
A Swedish brand renowned for its professional-grade chainsaws, known for their power, durability, and innovative features. They offer a wide range of models for homeowners to professionals.
Stihl
Another industry leader, Stihl is a German manufacturer celebrated for its powerful, reliable, and ergonomically designed chainsaws. They also cater to a broad spectrum of users.
ECHO
Known for its high-quality handheld outdoor power equipment, ECHO offers reliable gas and battery-powered chainsaws that are user-friendly and durable, often at a competitive price point.
Makita
While known for its extensive range of power tools, Makita also produces excellent battery-powered and some electric chainsaws that are highly regarded for their performance and innovation, especially in the cordless sector.
DeWALT
A well-known name in power tools, DeWALT offers robust battery-powered chainsaws that provide good power and durability, appealing to both DIYers and professionals.
What to Look for When Buying
When you’re ready to make a purchase, here’s a checklist to guide you:
Define Your Needs
- What chainsaw use cases will you be performing most often?
- How frequently will you use the saw?
- What is the typical size of wood you’ll be cutting?
Consider the Power Source
- Gas: For maximum power and run-time, especially for heavy jobs.
- Battery: For convenience, portability, and lighter tasks, or where noise and emissions are a concern.
- Electric: For very light, occasional use where a power outlet is readily available.
Bar Length
Match the bar length to your typical cutting needs, ensuring the saw has adequate power.
Weight and Ergonomics
Test how the saw feels in your hands. Does it feel balanced? Is it too heavy for extended use?
Safety Features
Ensure the saw has essential safety features like a chain brake, chain catcher, and anti-vibration system.
Budget
Chainsaws range in price significantly. Determine your budget, but remember that investing in a quality saw from a reputable brand often pays off in the long run through better performance and durability.
Brand Reputation and Reviews
Research different chainsaw brands and read reviews from other users to gauge reliability and customer satisfaction.
Chainsaw Buying Guide: Making Your Final Choice
Choosing a chainsaw can seem complex, but by breaking it down into these key areas, you can confidently select the tool that best suits your needs. Remember to always prioritize safety and invest in a quality product that will serve you well for years to come.
Chainsaw Use Cases Summary Table
| Use Case | Recommended Chainsaw Type | Recommended Bar Length | Recommended Power Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pruning & Trimming | Rear-Handle / Top-Handle | 10-14 inches | Battery / Electric / Small Gas |
| Cutting Firewood | Rear-Handle | 16-18 inches | Gas / Powerful Battery |
| Felling Small Trees | Rear-Handle | 16-18 inches | Gas |
| Felling Large Trees | Rear-Handle | 20+ inches | Powerful Gas |
| Land Clearing | Rear-Handle | 18-20 inches | Gas |
Chainsaw Power Source Comparison
| Feature | Gas-Powered Chainsaw | Battery-Powered Chainsaw | Corded Electric Chainsaw |
|---|---|---|---|
| Power | Highest | Moderate to High | Low to Moderate |
| Run Time | Unlimited (with fuel) | Limited by Battery Charge | Limited by Cord Length & Outlet |
| Portability | Moderate (fuel adds weight) | High | Limited by Cord |
| Noise | High | Low | Low |
| Emissions | Yes | No | No |
| Maintenance | High (fuel, oil, spark plug, etc.) | Low | Very Low |
| Starting | Can be difficult (pull cord) | Easy (button press) | Easy (button press) |
| Cost (Initial) | Moderate to High | Moderate to High | Low to Moderate |
| Cost (Ongoing) | Fuel, Oil, Maintenance | Battery Replacement, Charging | Electricity |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1: What is the best chainsaw for a beginner?
A1: For a beginner, a battery-powered chainsaw with a bar length of 14-16 inches is often recommended. They are lighter, easier to start, quieter, and require less maintenance than gas saws, making them less intimidating. A smaller gas saw (14-16 inch bar) can also be a good option if you anticipate needing more power, but ensure you understand safe operating procedures and proper fuel mixing.
Q2: How long should my chainsaw bar be?
A2: The ideal chainsaw bar length depends on the size of the wood you’ll be cutting. For general homeowner use, firewood cutting, and felling small trees, a 16-18 inch bar is a good all-around choice. For pruning and light limbing, a 10-14 inch bar is sufficient. For felling larger trees, you’ll need a bar of 20 inches or more, paired with a powerful saw.
Q3: Do I need a powerful chainsaw?
A3: The power you need depends on your chainsaw use cases. If you’re only trimming small branches occasionally, a less powerful saw will suffice. However, if you plan to cut firewood, fell trees, or clear dense brush, a more powerful saw is essential for efficient and safe operation. A saw that’s too underpowered will struggle, overheat, and increase the risk of accidents.
Q4: How much does a good chainsaw cost?
A4: Chainsaw prices vary widely. A basic electric or small battery-powered saw might cost $100-$200. A good quality homeowner-grade gas or mid-range battery chainsaw typically ranges from $300-$600. Professional-grade chainsaws can cost $700-$1,000 or more. Consider the chainsaw brands you’re looking at and read reviews to get an idea of value for money.
Q5: What are the most important chainsaw safety features?
A5: The most critical chainsaw safety features include the chain brake (for stopping the chain during kickback or manually), a chain catcher (to prevent a broken chain from hitting you), and an anti-vibration system (to reduce fatigue and long-term injury). Ensure the saw also has a throttle lockout to prevent accidental acceleration.
Q6: Can I use regular gasoline in my chainsaw?
A6: No, you should never use regular gasoline alone in a two-stroke gas chainsaw. Gas chainsaws require a specific mixture of gasoline and high-quality two-stroke engine oil. Always follow the manufacturer’s recommended fuel-to-oil ratio for your specific saw. Using the wrong mixture can damage the engine.
Q7: How do I maintain my chainsaw?
A7: Proper chainsaw maintenance involves keeping the chain sharp, the guide bar clean and lubricated, the air filter clean, and the spark plug in good condition. Regularly checking that all nuts and bolts are tight is also crucial for safety and performance. Following the maintenance schedule in your owner’s manual will ensure your chainsaw runs efficiently and safely.